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As more children have enrolled in schools in India, learning levels have declined
As more children have enrolled in schools in India, learning levels have declined

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The Reliability and Validity of Achievement Tests in the Young Lives Ethiopia School Survey Round 2

This technical note gives details of the reliability and validity of the assessments used in the second school survey carried out by Young Lives in Ethiopia for the purpose of the construction of test scores on a common scale within each language for maths and reading comprehension. This document give details of the three-parameter model used to build the achievement scores in both content areas. We tested graphically for item fit and item bias (by gender and wave).

The Reliability and Validity of Achievement Tests in the Young Lives Ethiopia School Survey Round 2

This technical note gives details of the reliability and validity of the assessments used in the second school survey carried out by Young Lives in Ethiopia for the purpose of the construction of test scores on a common scale within each language for maths and reading comprehension. This document give details of the three-parameter model used to build the achievement scores in both content areas. We tested graphically for item fit and item bias (by gender and wave).

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Equating Children’s PPVT Scores Across Survey Rounds and Age Cohorts in Peru

Young Lives gathers information from children and families through household and child questionnaires as well as children’s cognitive and achievement tests. The Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test (PPVT) has been used in all survey rounds to date and with both age cohorts. This technical note presents the psychometric analysis performed (using Item Response Theory, IRT) in order to build cognitive measures comparable across Rounds 2 and 3 and the Younger and Older Cohorts for Peru. To achieve this, a one-parameter IRT model was used.

Equating Children’s PPVT Scores Across Survey Rounds and Age Cohorts in Peru

Young Lives gathers information from children and families through household and child questionnaires as well as children’s cognitive and achievement tests. The Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test (PPVT) has been used in all survey rounds to date and with both age cohorts. This technical note presents the psychometric analysis performed (using Item Response Theory, IRT) in order to build cognitive measures comparable across Rounds 2 and 3 and the Younger and Older Cohorts for Peru. To achieve this, a one-parameter IRT model was used.

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21 ways the SDGs can have the best impact on girls
21 ways the SDGs can have the best impact on girls

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Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Associations between Household Food Security and Child Anthropometry at Ages 5 and 8 Years in Ethiopia, India, Peru, and Vietnam

Background: Poor childhood nutritional status has lifetime effects and food insecurity is associated with dietary practices that can impair nutritional status.

Objectives: We assessed concurrent and subsequent associations between food insecurity and height-for-age z scores (HAZs) and body mass index?for-age z scores (BMI-Zs); evaluated associations with transitory and chronic food insecurity; and tested whether dietary diversity mediates associations between food insecurity and nutritional status.

Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Associations between Household Food Security and Child Anthropometry at Ages 5 and 8 Years in Ethiopia, India, Peru, and Vietnam

Background: Poor childhood nutritional status has lifetime effects and food insecurity is associated with dietary practices that can impair nutritional status.

Objectives: We assessed concurrent and subsequent associations between food insecurity and height-for-age z scores (HAZs) and body mass index?for-age z scores (BMI-Zs); evaluated associations with transitory and chronic food insecurity; and tested whether dietary diversity mediates associations between food insecurity and nutritional status.

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What Can Comparative Country Research Tell Us About Child Poverty?

We are frequently asked why Young Lives is conducting research in four countries, and why specifically Ethiopia, India (in the states of Andhra Pradesh and Telangana), Peru and Vietnam. This short paper attempts to answer these questions.

What Can Comparative Country Research Tell Us About Child Poverty?

We are frequently asked why Young Lives is conducting research in four countries, and why specifically Ethiopia, India (in the states of Andhra Pradesh and Telangana), Peru and Vietnam. This short paper attempts to answer these questions.

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Education, child work and cash transfers in Peru

This paper using Young Lives data was submitted in part fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of MSc in Economics, with a specialisation in Applied Economic Analysis, Stockholm School of Economics.

The views expressed here are those of the author. They are not necessarily those of the Young Lives project, the University of Oxford, DFID or other funders.

Education, child work and cash transfers in Peru

This paper using Young Lives data was submitted in part fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of MSc in Economics, with a specialisation in Applied Economic Analysis, Stockholm School of Economics.

The views expressed here are those of the author. They are not necessarily those of the Young Lives project, the University of Oxford, DFID or other funders.

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Socio-economic Status and Early Childhood Cognitive Skills: Is Latin America Different?

This paper documents differences in cognitive development – as measured by a receptive vocabulary test ? between children from households with high and low socioeconomic status (SES) in two different phases of childhood (before and after early school years) in four developing countries: Peru, Ethiopia, India and Vietnam. Intercontinental evidence on the timing, pattern, and persistence of these differences is provided.

Socio-economic Status and Early Childhood Cognitive Skills: Is Latin America Different?

This paper documents differences in cognitive development – as measured by a receptive vocabulary test ? between children from households with high and low socioeconomic status (SES) in two different phases of childhood (before and after early school years) in four developing countries: Peru, Ethiopia, India and Vietnam. Intercontinental evidence on the timing, pattern, and persistence of these differences is provided.

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Beatings for asking for help: corporal punishment in India's schools
Beatings for asking for help: corporal punishment in India's schools

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How Gender Shapes Adolescence: Diverging Paths and Opportunities

A global policy focus since 2000 on the first decade of children's lives has resulted in impressive achievements, including dramatic reductions in child mortality and the expansion of primary schooling. To uphold and build upon these gains, however, a new focus is needed on the crucial period of adolescence, when gender differences widen, particularly for the poorest children, and decisions are made around education, work, marriage and fertility that have a critical impact on long-term outcomes for girls and boys.

How Gender Shapes Adolescence: Diverging Paths and Opportunities

A global policy focus since 2000 on the first decade of children's lives has resulted in impressive achievements, including dramatic reductions in child mortality and the expansion of primary schooling. To uphold and build upon these gains, however, a new focus is needed on the crucial period of adolescence, when gender differences widen, particularly for the poorest children, and decisions are made around education, work, marriage and fertility that have a critical impact on long-term outcomes for girls and boys.

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