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Risk and Capability in the Context of Adversity

This article analyses how children in Ethiopia respond to household adversity in the context of poverty. It highlights the association between poverty and other forms of hardship and the complex interplay of risk and protective factors in young people's lives. It argues that identifying adversity is not straightforward because beliefs affect the outcomes of such experiences, and different cultures and actors hold different views on the matter, so that assumed risks can in some cases be protective and foster specific competencies in the young.

Risk and Capability in the Context of Adversity

This article analyses how children in Ethiopia respond to household adversity in the context of poverty. It highlights the association between poverty and other forms of hardship and the complex interplay of risk and protective factors in young people's lives. It argues that identifying adversity is not straightforward because beliefs affect the outcomes of such experiences, and different cultures and actors hold different views on the matter, so that assumed risks can in some cases be protective and foster specific competencies in the young.

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Poverty and Psychosocial Competencies of Children

Using unique data from four developing countries, this paper explores the relationship between material poverty and the psychosocial competencies of children. Within a cohort of 12-year-olds, we find that measures of self-efficacy, sense of inclusion, self-esteem and educational aspirations all correlate with measures of the material well-being of the family in which they are growing up. In short, material circumstances shape these wider dimensions of child well-being.

Poverty and Psychosocial Competencies of Children

Using unique data from four developing countries, this paper explores the relationship between material poverty and the psychosocial competencies of children. Within a cohort of 12-year-olds, we find that measures of self-efficacy, sense of inclusion, self-esteem and educational aspirations all correlate with measures of the material well-being of the family in which they are growing up. In short, material circumstances shape these wider dimensions of child well-being.

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New Work on Risk and Resilience in Children's Lives
New Work on Risk and Resilience in Children's Lives

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Pathways through Early Childhood Education in Ethiopia, India and Peru

Abstract:The potential of quality early childhood and primary education to help break inter-generational poverty cycles is widely recognised. My focus is on how far this potential is being translated into reality, through implementing positive early childhood policies in practice. The paper summarises evidence from Young Lives research into early transitions, based on both survey and in-depth qualitative research with 6,000 Young Lives younger cohort children in Ethiopia, Andhra Pradesh (India) and Peru.

Pathways through Early Childhood Education in Ethiopia, India and Peru

Abstract:The potential of quality early childhood and primary education to help break inter-generational poverty cycles is widely recognised. My focus is on how far this potential is being translated into reality, through implementing positive early childhood policies in practice. The paper summarises evidence from Young Lives research into early transitions, based on both survey and in-depth qualitative research with 6,000 Young Lives younger cohort children in Ethiopia, Andhra Pradesh (India) and Peru.

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The Ethics of Social Research with Children and Families in Young Lives: Practical Experiences

A great deal of attention is now paid to the ethics of social research. Research governance has expanded, and a burgeoning literature is emerging that describes the processes, practices and questions that arise in social research with children, families and communities. This paper outlines the approach taken to research ethics within Young Lives, a long-term study of childhood poverty in four developing countries.

The Ethics of Social Research with Children and Families in Young Lives: Practical Experiences

A great deal of attention is now paid to the ethics of social research. Research governance has expanded, and a burgeoning literature is emerging that describes the processes, practices and questions that arise in social research with children, families and communities. This paper outlines the approach taken to research ethics within Young Lives, a long-term study of childhood poverty in four developing countries.

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Healthcare Choices in the Context of Reform

Since the late 1980s, Vietnam has implemented market-based economic and healthcare reforms, destabilizing the publicly funded healthcare that had gained international renown. These reforms initiated substantial changes in healthcare provision and financing, which involved the introduction of user fees, legalization of private practices, and liberalization of pharmaceutical companies. In response to the impact of user fees on equity of healthcare access, the government has introduced compensating measures that aim to assist poor households and young children overcome new barriers to access.

Healthcare Choices in the Context of Reform

Since the late 1980s, Vietnam has implemented market-based economic and healthcare reforms, destabilizing the publicly funded healthcare that had gained international renown. These reforms initiated substantial changes in healthcare provision and financing, which involved the introduction of user fees, legalization of private practices, and liberalization of pharmaceutical companies. In response to the impact of user fees on equity of healthcare access, the government has introduced compensating measures that aim to assist poor households and young children overcome new barriers to access.

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Young Lives Qualitative Research: Round 1 – Peru

This report presents an initial analysis of some of the qualitative data collected in four of the 20 Young Lives sites in Peru between August and December 2007. Data collection was carried out with both cohorts of Young Lives children (the Younger Cohort are aged 5 to 6 and the Older Cohort are aged 11 to 13), as well as their caregivers, teachers, community representatives and other children. The sub-sample includes 51 children.

Young Lives Qualitative Research: Round 1 – Peru

This report presents an initial analysis of some of the qualitative data collected in four of the 20 Young Lives sites in Peru between August and December 2007. Data collection was carried out with both cohorts of Young Lives children (the Younger Cohort are aged 5 to 6 and the Older Cohort are aged 11 to 13), as well as their caregivers, teachers, community representatives and other children. The sub-sample includes 51 children.

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Early Childhood Education Trajectories and Transitions

This paper explores diverse pathways through early childhood in the context of Andhra Pradesh state, India. The particular focus is on experiences of pre-school and transitions to primary school. The paper is based on analysis of Young Lives survey data (n=1950) collected for a group of young children born at the beginning of the millennium, plus in-depth qualitative research with a small sub-sample (n=24).

Early Childhood Education Trajectories and Transitions

This paper explores diverse pathways through early childhood in the context of Andhra Pradesh state, India. The particular focus is on experiences of pre-school and transitions to primary school. The paper is based on analysis of Young Lives survey data (n=1950) collected for a group of young children born at the beginning of the millennium, plus in-depth qualitative research with a small sub-sample (n=24).

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Promoting Early Childhood Development through a Public Programme: Wawa Wasi in Peru

This paper presents the results of a Young Lives study into the impact and perceptions of the Programa Nacional Wawa Wasi, a Peruvian government programme for impoverished children aged six to 48 months. Up to eight children spend five days a week at a Wawa Wasi centre where they are assisted by a carer carefully selected from the local community. The results suggest that children who have spent at least six months at a centre have similar indicators in gross motor, language and fine motor development to children who have stayed at home.

Promoting Early Childhood Development through a Public Programme: Wawa Wasi in Peru

This paper presents the results of a Young Lives study into the impact and perceptions of the Programa Nacional Wawa Wasi, a Peruvian government programme for impoverished children aged six to 48 months. Up to eight children spend five days a week at a Wawa Wasi centre where they are assisted by a carer carefully selected from the local community. The results suggest that children who have spent at least six months at a centre have similar indicators in gross motor, language and fine motor development to children who have stayed at home.

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Persistent Stunting in Middle Childhood

This article looks at what observable characteristics influence a child being persistently stunted, moving from being stunted or moving into being stunted in middle childhood, between 7 and 12, using longitudinal data for Andhra Pradesh. It finds the key factors that help a child move out of being stunted are mother's education and coming from the more prosperous region of Coastal Andhra. In contrast, the key factors that pushed a child into being stunted were the child being a girl and being a younger sibling.

Persistent Stunting in Middle Childhood

This article looks at what observable characteristics influence a child being persistently stunted, moving from being stunted or moving into being stunted in middle childhood, between 7 and 12, using longitudinal data for Andhra Pradesh. It finds the key factors that help a child move out of being stunted are mother's education and coming from the more prosperous region of Coastal Andhra. In contrast, the key factors that pushed a child into being stunted were the child being a girl and being a younger sibling.

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