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Questioning the Power of Resilience: Are Children up to the Task of Disrupting the Transmission of Poverty?

Resilience is an increasingly popular term employed in child development and international development discourse. Applied to childhood poverty, poverty over the life course and the intergenerational transmission of poverty, the resilience of boys and girls may be considered as serving as a conceptual and analytical tool for examining the ways in which young humans are able to overcome the negative outcomes of poverty and prevent its transfer within families, households and communities.

Questioning the Power of Resilience: Are Children up to the Task of Disrupting the Transmission of Poverty?

Resilience is an increasingly popular term employed in child development and international development discourse. Applied to childhood poverty, poverty over the life course and the intergenerational transmission of poverty, the resilience of boys and girls may be considered as serving as a conceptual and analytical tool for examining the ways in which young humans are able to overcome the negative outcomes of poverty and prevent its transfer within families, households and communities.

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Welcome to My World: Teaching resources for Key Stage 2
Welcome to My World: Teaching resources for Key Stage 2

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Welcome to My World: Teaching resources for Key Stage 2

Mai from rural Vietnam, Naresh from Hyderabad in India, Alexia from the rainforests of Peru and Elene from Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, are aged between 8 and 10. Their real-life stories are told through four short films in this pack. The similarities and differences between their lives and those of UK pupils are explored via a range of activities.

Welcome to My World: Teaching resources for Key Stage 2

Mai from rural Vietnam, Naresh from Hyderabad in India, Alexia from the rainforests of Peru and Elene from Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, are aged between 8 and 10. Their real-life stories are told through four short films in this pack. The similarities and differences between their lives and those of UK pupils are explored via a range of activities.

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Understanding Sources and Types of Social Capital in Peru

Social capital is broadly defined as the "value" of social relationships. A substantial amount of work has been conducted into the role of social capital, but little of it has focused on Latin America and Peru in particular. Standard tools are often used to measure social capital in different cultural settings. We argue that while there are common themes, the exact nature of social capital is dependent upon the specific norms of behaviour, networks and organizations that characterize a given setting. Social capital is a multidimensional and culturally specific concept.

Understanding Sources and Types of Social Capital in Peru

Social capital is broadly defined as the "value" of social relationships. A substantial amount of work has been conducted into the role of social capital, but little of it has focused on Latin America and Peru in particular. Standard tools are often used to measure social capital in different cultural settings. We argue that while there are common themes, the exact nature of social capital is dependent upon the specific norms of behaviour, networks and organizations that characterize a given setting. Social capital is a multidimensional and culturally specific concept.

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Social Capital and Mental Health

Women and the poor are disproportionately affected by common mental disorders (CMD), and women in low income countries are particularly at risk. Social capital may explain some of the geographical variation in CMD, but the association between social capital and CMD in low income countries has rarely been studied. This paper aims to explore the relationship between individual and ecological measures of social capital and maternal CMD in four low income countries.

Social Capital and Mental Health

Women and the poor are disproportionately affected by common mental disorders (CMD), and women in low income countries are particularly at risk. Social capital may explain some of the geographical variation in CMD, but the association between social capital and CMD in low income countries has rarely been studied. This paper aims to explore the relationship between individual and ecological measures of social capital and maternal CMD in four low income countries.

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Developmental Potential in the First 5 Years for Children in Developing Countries

Many children younger than 5 years in developing countries are exposed to multiple risks, including poverty, malnutrition, poor health, and unstimulating home environments, which detrimentally aff ect their cognitive, motor, and socialemotional development. There are few national statistics on the development of young children in developing countries. We therefore identifi ed two factors with available worldwide data?the prevalence of early childhood stunting and the number of people living in absolute poverty—to use as indicators of poor development.

Developmental Potential in the First 5 Years for Children in Developing Countries

Many children younger than 5 years in developing countries are exposed to multiple risks, including poverty, malnutrition, poor health, and unstimulating home environments, which detrimentally aff ect their cognitive, motor, and socialemotional development. There are few national statistics on the development of young children in developing countries. We therefore identifi ed two factors with available worldwide data?the prevalence of early childhood stunting and the number of people living in absolute poverty—to use as indicators of poor development.

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A Case Study of Sample Design for Longitudinal Research

This paper presents a case study to illustrate the range of decisions involved in designing a sampling strategy for a complex, longitudinal research study. It is based on experience from the Young Lives project and identifies the approaches used to sample children for longitudinal follow-up in four less developed countries (LDCs). The rationale for decisions made and the resulting benefits, and limitations, of the approaches adopted are discussed.

A Case Study of Sample Design for Longitudinal Research

This paper presents a case study to illustrate the range of decisions involved in designing a sampling strategy for a complex, longitudinal research study. It is based on experience from the Young Lives project and identifies the approaches used to sample children for longitudinal follow-up in four less developed countries (LDCs). The rationale for decisions made and the resulting benefits, and limitations, of the approaches adopted are discussed.

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Educational Choices in Ethiopia: What Determines Whether Poor Children go to School?

Ethiopia has one of the lowest primary school enrolment rates and one of the highest illiteracy rates in the world. In 2002 Ethiopia’s adult literacy rate was 41.5 per cent and its gross primary enrolment rate was 66 per cent, significantly worse than the average for low income countries of 63.9 per cent and 98.6 per cent respectively. Government efforts have focused on expanding access to primary education, particularly in rural areas, but as a consequence, insufficient resources have been allocated to improving the quality of education.

Educational Choices in Ethiopia: What Determines Whether Poor Children go to School?

Ethiopia has one of the lowest primary school enrolment rates and one of the highest illiteracy rates in the world. In 2002 Ethiopia’s adult literacy rate was 41.5 per cent and its gross primary enrolment rate was 66 per cent, significantly worse than the average for low income countries of 63.9 per cent and 98.6 per cent respectively. Government efforts have focused on expanding access to primary education, particularly in rural areas, but as a consequence, insufficient resources have been allocated to improving the quality of education.

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Risk Factors for Injuries in Young Children in Four Developing Countries

Objective: To assess the occurrence of child injury in four developing country settings and to explore potential risk factors for injury.

Methods: Injury occurrence was studied in cohorts of 2000 children of age 6-17 months at enrolment, in each of Ethiopia, Peru, Vietnam and India (Andhra Pradesh). Generalized estimating equation models were used to explore potential risk factors for child injury.

Risk Factors for Injuries in Young Children in Four Developing Countries

Objective: To assess the occurrence of child injury in four developing country settings and to explore potential risk factors for injury.

Methods: Injury occurrence was studied in cohorts of 2000 children of age 6-17 months at enrolment, in each of Ethiopia, Peru, Vietnam and India (Andhra Pradesh). Generalized estimating equation models were used to explore potential risk factors for child injury.

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Maternal Social Capital and Child Health in Vietnam

Study objective: To explore the association between maternal social capital and child physical and mental health in Vietnam.

Design: Cross sectional survey. Measures of maternal structural social capital comprised group membership, citizenship, and social support. Measures of cognitive social capital comprised trust, social harmony, sense of fairness, and belonging. Child health was measured by anthropometrics and mothers’ reports of acute and chronic physical health problems and child mental health.

Maternal Social Capital and Child Health in Vietnam

Study objective: To explore the association between maternal social capital and child physical and mental health in Vietnam.

Design: Cross sectional survey. Measures of maternal structural social capital comprised group membership, citizenship, and social support. Measures of cognitive social capital comprised trust, social harmony, sense of fairness, and belonging. Child health was measured by anthropometrics and mothers’ reports of acute and chronic physical health problems and child mental health.

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