This paper investigates the possible impacts of the Productive Safety Net Programme (PSNP) on children's well-being and recommends child-focused social protection that goes beyond the PSNP. It draws on data from the Young Lives survey of 569 rural households and qualitative case studies of 32 households and children living in four rural communities in 2006 and 2009.

Ethiopia offers a case study of the opportunities and challenges in development of ECCE in low-resource settings. These challenges need to be understood in the context of recent government priorities to universalise primary education. In many respects, Ethiopia is a success story of Education For All (EFA). In 1992, after the end of the civil war, nearly four out of five children were out of school, by 2009 the number of children out of school had been reduced to one in five.

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Ethiopia offers a case study of the opportunities and challenges in development of ECCE in low-resource settings. These challenges need to be understood in the context of recent government priorities to universalise primary education. In many respects, Ethiopia is a success story of Education For All (EFA). In 1992, after the end of the civil war, nearly four out of five children were out of school, by 2009 the number of children out of school had been reduced to one in five.

Using a young Lives project data, a combination of quantitative and qualitative method was used to analyse the determinants of school completion/dropout of children from primary education. A Cox box proportional hazard model was used analyse the survival of children in primary education. The findings have important implications for the formulation and revising Ethiopian Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper.